檢視 DNS 的原始碼

[[Category:DNS]]
__NOTOC__
== DNS 運作流程 ==
[[Image:DNS_Record_Request_Sequence.png|600px|link=]]
* Recursive Resoiver 遞歸名稱伺服器
: 提供使用者查詢網圵或IP，一般說 DNS 要填什麼? 就是說這個
* Root nameserver 根網域名稱伺服器
: 網際網路基礎設施中的重要部分，負責返回頂級網域名稱伺服器位址
: 全球 13 組根網域名稱伺服器，全部已以 anycast 技術在全球多個地點設立鏡像站
* TLD nameserver 頂級網域名稱伺服器
: 全球 1500+ 組頂級網域名稱伺服器
* Authoritative server 權威名稱伺服器
== DNS 名詞解釋 ==
{| class="wikitable"
| DNS
| Domain Name System
| 網域名稱系統
|
|-
| ICANN
| Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
| 網際網路名稱與數字位址分配機構
|
|-
| IANA
| Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
| 網際網路號碼分配局
|
|-
| FQDN
| Fully Qualified Domain Name
| 完整網域名稱
| 總長度不得超過 255 個字母， 單項(兩個點之間)不得超過 63 個字母。
|-
|
| Root Domain
| 根網域
| DNS 架構最上層的伺服器， 全球共約 16 台。
|-
| TLD
| Top-Level Domain
| 頂級域名
| [https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db TLD List]
|-
| ARPA
| Infrastructure Top-Level Domain
| 基礎設施頂級域名
| 1 個
|-
| .arpa
| Address and Routing Parameter Area
| 位址路由參數域
|
|-
| gTLD
| Generic Top-Level Domain
| 通用頂級域名
| 1247 個 (含 grTLD)
|-
| grTLD
| Restricted Generic Top-Level Domain
| 受限通用頂級域名
| 3 個
|-
| sTLD
| Sponsored Top-Level Domain
| 贊助頂級域名
| 14 個 在2012年沒有使用新 gTLD 的讚助者和非贊助者之間的區別
|-
| ccTLD
| Country Code Top-Level Domain
| 國家及地區頂級域名
| 317 個
|-
| tTLD
| Testing Top-Level Domain
| 測試頂級域名
| 11 個
|-
| IDN
| Internationalized Domain Name
| 國際化域名
| Punycode xn--
|}
== DNS Software ==
{| class="wikitable"
| BIG-IP DNS
| F5 Networks
| Key advantage is to use the same application delivery controller
to support DNS and application acceleration.
|-
| BIND
|
| Berkeley Internet Name Domain
|-
| Cisco Network Registrar
| Cisco Systems
| usually used in conjunction with the CNR DHCP
|-
| CoreDNS
|
| recommended DNS for Kubernetes
graduated from CNCF in 2019
|-
| Dnsmasq
|
| lightweight, easy to configure, provide to a small-scale network.
|-
| djbdns
| Daniel J. Bernstein
| collection of DNS applications, including tinydns
|-
| Knot DNS
| rowspan="2" | CZ.NIC
| fast, resilient DNS usable for infrastructure (root & TLD) and hosting
hosts root zone (K & L Root_name_servers), several top-level domains
|-
| Knot Resolver
| used by Cloudflare for 1.1.1.1, its free DNS service
|-
|-
| MaraDNS
| Sam Trenholme
| claims a good security history and ease of use
recursive resolver does not use threads
|-
| Microsoft DNS
|
| integrated with Active Directory
supports DNS policies
|-
| NSD
| rowspan="2" | NLNet Labs
| test-bed server for DNSSEC
several top-level domains, and operates 3 root nameservers
|-
| Unbound
| validating, recursive & caching DNS designed for high performance
|-
| pdnsd
| GFW
| sloved DNS cache pollution
also use dnsforwarder
|-
| Posadis
|
|
|-
| PowerDNS
|
| variety of data storage back-ends and load balancing features
|-
| Secure64 DNS
| Secure64
| commercial authoritative name server, completely automated DNSSEC
highly secure recursive DNS, scalable, against DDoS (PRSD) attacks
|-
| Simple DNS Plus
|
| commercial DNS server
runs under Microsoft Windows
|-
| Technitium DNS Server
|
| used by end users, SOHO networks or mid size networks
support DoT & DoH, support HTTP & SOCKS5 proxy
|-
| YADIFA
| EURid
| Yet Another DNS Implementation For All
.eu top-level domain
|}
== Root Name Server ==